State Institution National Research Centre for Radiation Medicine, Haematology and Oncology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine

ABSTRACT. Introduction. The Chernobyl tragedy is a lesson for the whole world, which emphasizes the vital importance of adherence to strict safety standards, especially regarding food quality and safety. The nutritional factor plays a leading role in the occurrence of diseases of ecological origin. The quality of food consumed and the calorie content of the diet directly affect the physical and mental health of a person, because individual substances regulate the course of biochemical, as well as most adaptive reactions of the body. Changes in the usual way of life caused by forced resettlement have negatively affected not only the formation of nutritionally dependent diseases, but also those associated with psycho-emotional disorders. The traditional diet, characteristic of the population of Ukrainian Polissya, has undergone significant changes. This has led to a deficiency of a number of essential compounds and changes in the processes of metabolism, regeneration and restoration of cells affected by the effects of ionizing radiation.

Aim. To assess the food security of the population affected by the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident.

Material and Methods. Bibliosemantic: study of professional modern specialized scientific-methodical and international literature on the problem under study; theoretical analysis: generalization of data on the problem of health and nutrition of the population living in unfavourable regions of Ukraine; methods of medical statistics.

Results and Discussion. The problems caused by the Chernobyl accident have been exacerbated by the current state of war, which has deepened psycho-emotional overload. In such conditions, with poor-quality and unbalanced nutrition, pre-pathological states are formed, which over time lead to persistent disruption of the functioning of organs and body systems. To prevent the development of diseases caused by an unhealthy diet, it is necessary to quickly and effectively replenish the lack of essential ingredients. This is possible only if they are supplied with food in a timely manner.

Conclusions. The most rational means of preventing the occurrence of morbid conditions is to justify measures that would take into account a sufficient variety of consumed products of plant and animal origin. This will contribute to the regeneration of affected structures and eliminate the consequences of the hardships experienced by the population.

Keywords: evacuation, morbidity, prevention, population of ecologically hazardous regions, Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident, agricultural lands, water bodies, wild plants.

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